The cutting quality of the flat groove fiber laser cutting machine directly determines the stability of the subsequent welding process and the overall performance of the workpiece. Common faults such as groove angle deviation, slag hanging on the cutting edge, and uneven cutting width not only affect processing efficiency but may also lead to material waste. Building a systematic troubleshooting plan, accurately locating the root cause of faults and implementing solutions, is the core link to ensure the stable operation of equipment.
Groove angle deviation is a high-frequency fault that needs to be investigated from the perspective of motion accuracy and parameter settings. Firstly, check the swing angle mechanism. As the core component of groove forming, servo motor positioning accuracy deviation, swing angle guide rail wear or insufficient lubrication can cause the cutting head swing angle to lose control. It is necessary to calibrate the motor positioning accuracy with professional instruments, clean the guide rail, and supplement special lubricating grease. Next, check the CNC program. If the input of the bevel angle parameter is incorrect or the trajectory compensation value is set unreasonably, it will cause deviation between the theoretical trajectory and the actual cutting. It is necessary to re import the drawing verification program to correct the angle parameter and compensation value. In addition, the workpiece clamping is not firm enough to cause displacement during processing, which can also lead to angular deviation. It is necessary to reinforce the clamping and ensure that the positioning reference is aligned with the machine coordinate system.
The hanging slag and uneven cutting seam in the incision are mainly caused by abnormal energy control and auxiliary systems. First, check the laser energy parameters. If the laser power is too low, the material will not melt, and if the power is too high, it is easy to cause slag accumulation. It is necessary to re match the power and cutting speed according to the thickness and material of the sheet. Recheck the auxiliary gas system. Insufficient pressure cannot effectively blow away slag, and insufficient gas purity can cause oxidation and slag deposition at the cutting edge. It is necessary to detect the gas source pressure and replace the blocked gas pipe to ensure that the gas purity meets the process requirements. The cleanliness and focal length calibration of the focusing lens group are also crucial. Lens contamination or focal length deviation can cause inaccurate focusing of laser energy, and it is necessary to disassemble the lens for cleaning and recalibrate the focal length.
The investigation process should follow the principle of "easy before difficult, parameters before mechanical". Prioritize verifying the CNC program and process parameters, then checking the clamping status and auxiliary systems, and finally investigating the mechanical structure and laser generator. After the fault is resolved, a trial cutting verification is required to confirm that the fault has been eliminated by measuring the groove angle and observing the flatness of the incision.
In summary, the troubleshooting of cutting quality faults in flat bevel fiber laser cutting machines requires focusing on three core dimensions: motion accuracy, energy parameters, and auxiliary systems. By targeted investigation and precise implementation, quality issues can be quickly resolved, and a regular maintenance mechanism can be established to regularly calibrate equipment accuracy and clean optical components, which can reduce the occurrence of failures from the source.