Laser processing machine tools are widely used in the manufacturing field due to their high precision and efficiency advantages. As the core component that ensures stable operation of the machine tool, the cooling system's overheating fault can directly affect the processing accuracy and even cause damage to the core components. Therefore, establishing a scientific troubleshooting process is crucial for production assurance.
The investigation of overheating in the cooling system should follow the principle of "from the surface to the inside, easy first and difficult later", and prioritize the investigation of external intuitive factors. Firstly, check the heat dissipation environment. If the machine tool is located in a closed space, poorly ventilated, or surrounded by high-temperature heat sources, it can cause a sudden drop in the cooling system's heat dissipation efficiency. At this time, obstacles around the machine tool should be cleared in a timely manner to ensure that the ventilation openings are unobstructed. If necessary, adding industrial fans or adjusting the workshop ventilation layout can quickly alleviate overheating problems.
After unsuccessful external environment investigation, it is necessary to focus on the basic components of the cooling system itself. As a key medium for heat conduction, the low liquid level of coolant can lead to insufficient circulation efficiency. Liquid level inspection should be a routine troubleshooting item, and when supplementing, it is necessary to use the designated model of coolant for the machine tool to avoid mixing and causing corrosion. At the same time, long-term use of coolant can breed impurities and produce scale, which can adhere to the inner wall of the heat dissipation pipeline and cause a decrease in thermal conductivity. At this time, it is necessary to shut down and discharge the old liquid, rinse the pipeline with a special cleaning agent, and then refill with new liquid.
The malfunction of the circulating power and cooling terminal is the core link of overheating troubleshooting. As a power source, if there are problems such as impeller wear and motor failure in the circulating pump, it will cause a decrease in coolant flow rate and prevent heat from being carried away in a timely manner. It can be determined whether there is any abnormality by monitoring the sound of the pump body running. If there is any abnormal noise or a significant decrease in flow rate, the pump body needs to be disassembled, repaired or replaced. The failure of the coordination between the radiator and the fan can also cause overheating. It is necessary to check whether the surface of the radiator is clogged with dust and whether the fan speed is normal. Regularly clean the radiator dust with compressed air, and replace the bearings or motors of the fan with abnormal speed in a timely manner.
Finally, it is necessary to investigate the temperature control and monitoring system. Temperature sensor faults can cause disorder in the temperature control logic, making it difficult to activate the cooling mechanism in a timely manner. The sensor performance can be tested by replacing it; The stuck temperature control valve will hinder the circulation path of the coolant, and the valve core needs to be disassembled and cleaned or replaced directly.
The investigation of overheating faults in the cooling system needs to be combined with comprehensive judgment of mechanical components and control systems. A regular inspection system should be established in daily operation and maintenance, focusing on checking the liquid level, cleanliness, and key component operating status. This can reduce the occurrence rate of overheating faults from the source and ensure the long-term stable operation of the machine tool.