As a high-precision sheet metal processing equipment, the smoothness of the slider operation directly determines the processing quality of the Tongkuai high-speed bending machine. Sliding block jamming is a common fault, manifested as sudden speed changes, stagnation, or abnormal noise during operation, which not only affects production efficiency but may also lead to workpiece scrap. This article starts with the three core systems of mechanical, hydraulic, and electrical, analyzes the causes of faults, and provides technical references for troubleshooting and maintenance.

Mechanical structural abnormalities are the primary cause of slider jamming. Firstly, a decrease in the precision of the fit between the guide rail and the slider can easily lead to malfunctions. Long term high-speed operation can cause wear on the guide rail pair. If lubrication is not timely, metal debris can accumulate in the gap between the guide rails, increasing frictional resistance and hindering the movement of the slider. Secondly, the failure of ball screw components cannot be ignored. Wear of the screw nut, detachment of the ball or bending deformation of the screw can disrupt the smoothness of the transmission, especially in high-speed reciprocating motion, where periodic lagging is prone to occur. In addition, incomplete release of the slider locking device or deformation of the mechanical limit components can also create physical obstacles, causing the slider to not run smoothly.

Hydraulic system failure is a key factor in lagging. The deterioration of hydraulic oil performance is a common problem. After long-term use, the viscosity of the oil decreases and impurities increase, which can cause insufficient oil suction of the hydraulic pump, resulting in pressure fluctuations in the system and instability of the slider operation. At the same time, control components such as overflow valves and directional valves may become stuck or worn, which can cause the hydraulic oil circuit to switch smoothly and fail to provide continuous and stable power to the slider. In addition, the aging and leakage of hydraulic cylinder seals can lead to insufficient pressure inside the cylinder, resulting in sliding block "crawling" jamming.

Abnormalities in the electrical control system are easily overlooked. Malfunctions in position detection components such as grating rulers or encoders can cause distortion in the position signals received by the control system, leading to deviations in the slider's trajectory and resulting in lagging. Secondly, improper setting of servo drive parameters or damage to internal components can cause unstable output torque of the servo motor, making it impossible to accurately drive the slider movement. In addition, problems such as poor contact in the control circuit and relay adhesion can cause interruption of control signal transmission, resulting in sudden stagnation of the slider.

In summary, the slider jamming of the Tongkuai high-speed bending machine is a manifestation of multi system collaborative failure. When troubleshooting, it is necessary to gradually inspect in the order of "mechanical structure hydraulic system electrical control", with a focus on guide rail lubrication, screw status, hydraulic oil quality, and performance of detection components. Strengthening the inspection of key components and oil maintenance in daily maintenance can effectively reduce the occurrence rate of jamming faults and ensure the stable operation of equipment.