The dressing accuracy of the grinding wheel dressing machine directly affects the grinding performance of the grinding wheel, which in turn determines the machining quality of the workpiece, while the dressing efficiency is related to the production rhythm. Improving these two indicators requires system optimization from multiple dimensions such as tool characteristics, parameter matching, and equipment status.
The reasonable selection of repair tools is the foundation of accuracy and efficiency. As a commonly used dressing tool, the particle size and arrangement of diamond pens need to be adapted to the characteristics of the grinding wheel: coarse-grained diamond pens are suitable for rapid dressing and can remove blunt particles on the surface of the grinding wheel, but the accuracy is relatively low; Fine grained pens can achieve a smoother grinding wheel surface, suitable for precision finishing. For resin bonded grinding wheels, using polycrystalline diamond dressing tools can reduce wear and extend service life; Ceramic bond grinding wheels need to be matched with high-strength single crystal diamond to cope with higher dressing resistance. In addition, the installation accuracy of the dressing tool is crucial. By calibrating the parallelism between the tool axis and the grinding wheel axis through a dial gauge, the cutting force is evenly distributed during the dressing process to avoid shape errors caused by local overcutting of the grinding wheel.
The optimization of tuning parameters requires a balance between accuracy and efficiency. The dressing speed ratio (the ratio of the feed rate of the dressing tool to the linear velocity of the grinding wheel) directly affects the dressing effect: if the speed ratio is too high, it will cause rough dressing marks on the surface of the grinding wheel and reduce the grinding accuracy; If it is too small, it will increase the repair time and reduce efficiency. Usually, the speed ratio range of 0.001-0.005 is selected based on the grain size of the grinding wheel, with the larger value taken for rough dressing and the smaller value taken for fine dressing. The setting of the dressing depth needs to be gradual. For the first dressing, a larger depth is used to remove the fatigue layer of the grinding wheel, and then the depth is gradually reduced. Finally, the finishing is completed at a micrometer level depth, which can ensure the dressing accuracy and reduce the material loss of the grinding wheel.
The stability of equipment status is the key to maintaining accuracy. Regularly check and adjust the feed accuracy of the shaft, measure the reverse clearance of the feed screw through a laser interferometer, and use the system compensation function to eliminate errors. The lubrication status of the guide rail directly affects the smoothness of the repair process. Special guide rail oil is used and replaced periodically to avoid feed fluctuations caused by changes in friction coefficient. In addition, the radial runout of the grinding wheel spindle needs to be controlled within the minimum range, and vibration can be reduced through dynamic balance calibration to prevent chatter patterns during the dressing process and ensure the micro flatness of the grinding wheel surface.
Automated auxiliary functions can significantly improve repair efficiency. A dressing machine equipped with an automatic measuring device can detect the size of the dressing wheel in real time, automatically compensate for the dressing amount, and reduce manual measurement time. For batch dressing operations, preset dressing parameters for different grinding wheels through the program to achieve one click switching and shorten the changeover time.
Through comprehensive measures such as tool adaptation, parameter optimization, equipment maintenance, and automation upgrade, the dressing accuracy and efficiency of the grinding wheel dressing machine can be synchronously improved, laying a high-quality foundation for subsequent grinding processing. This systematic optimization requires both precise control of technical parameters and standardized execution of equipment maintenance, and the combination of the two can achieve stable repair effects.