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Working principle and maintenance measures of precision cylindrical grinder
Date: 2025-11-23Read: 6
Precision cylindrical grinder is an important equipment widely used in the mechanical processing industry, especially in the processing of workpieces that require high precision and surface smoothness. Mainly used for processing the outer surface of circular workpieces, removing excess material from the workpiece surface through grinding to achieve the required size, shape, and surface quality of the workpiece.
Precision cylindrical grinderWorking principle:
1. Grinding process: The workpiece is clamped on the workpiece table of the machine tool, which can rotate or feed. When the grinding wheel comes into contact with the workpiece, it rotates at high speed and grinds off a layer of metal on the surface of the workpiece with a small cutting force. During the grinding process, the workpiece will move along a certain trajectory under the action of the grinding wheel, usually achieved through linear feed, swing feed, or rotary feed.
2. The function of the grinding wheel: The grinding wheel is an important part, composed of multiple abrasive particles whose hardness and shape determine the grinding effect. The material of the grinding wheel is usually selected from high hardness materials such as diamond, ceramics, or metal alloys to ensure that it can maintain a long service life under high-speed rotation and can be processed accurately.
3. Precision control: High machining accuracy is required, generally reaching micrometer or even nanometer level precision. Through high-precision spindles, advanced feed systems, and CNC technology, strict control over workpiece size, surface smoothness, and geometric shape can be ensured during the machining process.
Main selection criteria:
1. Size and shape of processed workpieces: Different types of cylindrical grinders are suitable for workpieces of different sizes. The appropriate grinding machine type needs to be selected based on factors such as the maximum diameter, maximum length, and shape of the workpiece.
2. Accuracy requirements: Select a grinder with sufficient accuracy guarantee according to the machining accuracy requirements. Usually, the higher the precision requirements, the higher the technical level and price of the grinder.
3. Production efficiency: If large-scale production is required, choosing fully automatic or semi-automatic cylindrical grinding machines will be more efficient.
4. Convenience of operation and maintenance: Usually equipped with a numerical control system, it is easy to operate, but the usability of the operating system and the convenience of later maintenance also need to be considered.
Common maintenance and upkeep measures for precision cylindrical grinders:
1. Regular inspection: Regularly check the condition of key components such as the spindle, grinding wheel, and worktable to ensure their normal operation.
2. Cleaning and maintenance: After each use, clean the machine tool, especially the grinding wheel and workpiece clamping part, to avoid the accumulation of debris affecting the grinding effect.
3. Lubrication: Regularly lubricate the moving parts of the machine tool to reduce wear and ensure smooth movement.
4. Coolant management: The replacement and cleaning of coolant are also important. Keeping the coolant clean and at an appropriate temperature can help improve machining accuracy and surface quality.