As a high-precision and complex machining equipment, the fault handling of the five axis mold carving and milling machine needs to follow scientific principles, which not only require rapid recovery of equipment functions, but also avoid secondary damage or loss of accuracy. These principles are built around safety, systematicity, and precision, providing clear guidance for fault handling.
Safety first is the primary principle of fault handling. Before any troubleshooting, it is necessary to ensure that the equipment is in a safe state: immediately press the emergency stop button to cut off the power source, to prevent accidental movement of the tool or workbench from causing personal injury; After disconnecting the main power supply, wait for the capacitor to discharge before conducting circuit testing to avoid the risk of electric shock. For faults involving high-pressure oil or gas circuits, it is necessary to first close the valve to release pressure, confirm that there is no residual pressure in the pipeline, and then disassemble the components. During the processing, insulation tools and protective equipment should be used, especially when detecting high-voltage components such as servo motors and spindle drives. Live operation is strictly prohibited to prevent equipment short circuits or personnel injuries.
The principle of systematic troubleshooting requires gradually locating faults from the overall to the local level. The five axis engraving and milling machine is composed of multiple systems that work together, including mechanical structure, numerical control system, servo drive, and sensing detection. Malfunctions are often the result of multiple factors. For example, when the machining accuracy is abnormal, it cannot be limited to the tool or spindle alone. It is necessary to check the lubrication status of the guide rail, servo parameter settings, grating ruler signal feedback and other related links in sequence. The built-in diagnostic system of the device can be used to read fault codes, combined with electrical schematics and mechanical assembly diagrams, to establish a logical chain of "fault phenomena possible causes troubleshooting path", avoiding blind disassembly. At the same time, it is necessary to record the operation process and parameter settings before the occurrence of the fault, such as cutting speed, feed rate, etc. These pieces of information are often key clues to determine the root cause of the fault.
The principle of prioritizing the restoration of basic functions is applicable to complex fault handling. When multiple equipment failures occur concurrently, the fundamental issues that affect the operation of the equipment should be resolved first. For example, if the spindle does not rotate and the tool magazine changes tools at the same time, priority should be given to troubleshooting the spindle drive system, as the spindle function is a prerequisite for other machining actions; After the spindle resumes operation, deal with secondary faults such as tool magazine positioning errors. For precision related faults, the principle of "mechanical reference priority" should be followed, that is, first calibrate the parallelism of the guide rail, the perpendicularity of the spindle and other mechanical references, and then adjust the servo parameter compensation to avoid blindly adjusting the electrical parameters due to mechanical errors that have not been eliminated, leading to the expansion of the fault.
The principle of minimum intervention aims to reduce the impact of fault handling on equipment accuracy. When disassembling components, special tools should be used and operated according to standard procedures to avoid deformation of parts caused by forced disassembly; When replacing spare parts, priority should be given to using original factory accessories to ensure that they match the original parameters of the equipment, such as the inertia of the servo motor, encoder resolution, etc., which need to be consistent with the driver parameters. When adjusting the mechanical clearance or preload force, quantitative testing tools such as torque wrenches, dial gauges, etc. should be used to avoid accuracy deviation caused by empirical operation. After troubleshooting, a trial machining verification is required to confirm the restoration of equipment functionality by testing the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of standard parts.
These principles are interrelated and together form a standardized system for handling faults in five axis mold carving and milling machines. Following these principles can not only improve the efficiency of fault handling, but also maximize the protection of equipment accuracy, providing guarantees for the stability of mold processing.