As a precision machining equipment, the CNC horizontal axis rectangular table surface grinder directly determines the machining quality of the workpiece by the feed accuracy of the grinding head. Uneven feed of the grinding head can easily lead to surface roughness and dimensional accuracy fluctuations of the workpiece, seriously affecting production efficiency and product qualification rate. This article starts with the three core systems of mechanical, hydraulic, and electrical, and outlines the troubleshooting logic and solution ideas.
The mechanical system is the basis for the grinding head to feed, and its wear or abnormal clearance is a common source of failure. Firstly, check the ball screw pair. Long term high-speed operation can easily cause wear between the screw and nut, resulting in transmission clearance. You can manually rotate the screw to feel if there is any jamming or empty stroke. If there is, it needs to be disassembled and inspected, and the worn parts need to be replaced before re tightening. Next, check the guide rail pair. Scratches, abrasions, or poor lubrication on the guide rail surface can increase motion resistance and cause feed fluctuations. The guide rail surface should be cleaned and coated with special lubricating oil. If it is severely worn, it needs to be scraped and repaired. In addition, the accuracy degradation of the grinding head spindle bearing can also affect the feed stability. It is necessary to detect the radial runout of the bearing and replace it in a timely manner when it exceeds the tolerance.
The hydraulic system provides power for feed, and unstable pressure can directly cause uneven feed. Firstly, check the condition of the hydraulic oil. Oil contamination, abnormal viscosity, or insufficient oil volume can cause the hydraulic pump to have poor oil suction. Regularly replace the filter element and replenish hydraulic oil that meets the required specifications. Re check the overflow valve and proportional pressure valve. Failure of the overflow valve can cause a sudden drop in system pressure, and parameter drift of the proportional pressure valve can cause fluctuations in feed pressure. By monitoring the system pressure through pressure instruments, calibrate or replace abnormal valves to ensure stable pressure within the set range. At the same time, check whether there is any leakage in the hydraulic pipeline. The aging of seals is the main cause, and damaged seals need to be replaced in a timely manner.
The electrical system is the core of feed control, and signal transmission or execution component failures can easily cause accuracy issues. Firstly, investigate the servo motor. If the motor encoder malfunctions, it can cause position feedback deviation. Professional instruments can be used to detect the encoder signal, and repairs or replacements can be carried out in case of abnormalities. Next, check the parameters of the CNC system. Improper settings of parameters such as feed speed and acceleration time can cause feed impact or lag, and the parameters need to be recalibrated according to the equipment manual. In addition, check whether the control circuit connectors are loose. Poor contact can cause signal transmission interruption, and the connectors need to be tightened and insulated properly.
Troubleshooting should follow the principle of "mechanical first, electrical second, static first, dynamic second", and gradually locate the fault point through troubleshooting. In daily maintenance, key components such as ball screws and guide rails should be regularly lubricated, hydraulic systems should be filtered, and electrical circuits should be inspected to reduce the occurrence of faults from the source and ensure stable equipment operation.