The guide surface is the core guiding component of the fixed beam gantry surface grinder, and its precision indicators such as flatness and parallelism directly determine the stability of equipment motion and machining accuracy. In response to the demand for high-precision grinding of guide rail surfaces, it is necessary to combine the structural characteristics of the equipment and the key points of the grinding process to construct a full process solution of "process optimization tool adaptation precision control environmental protection", to avoid problems such as grinding deviation and surface defects, and achieve high-precision forming of guide rail surfaces.

Optimization of grinding process is the core of high-precision grinding. The "layered grinding" strategy should be adopted, with the goal of quickly removing excess during the rough grinding stage. A larger grinding depth and feed rate should be selected, while controlling the grinding speed to avoid deformation of the guide rail surface due to excessive instantaneous temperature rise; Switch to micro grinding in the precision grinding stage to reduce grinding depth and feed rate, and improve surface smoothness and flatness. In response to the rigidity advantage of the fixed beam gantry grinder, the grinding path is optimized by using reciprocating uniform grinding to avoid accuracy deviation caused by uneven local forces. At the same time, the cooling system is used for precise cooling, and suitable cutting fluid is selected to reduce the impact of grinding heat on the accuracy of the guide rail surface.

The selection and dressing of grinding wheels are the key to ensuring grinding accuracy. Suitable grinding wheels should be selected based on the material of the guide rail surface (such as cast iron, alloy steel). Silicon carbide grinding wheels are preferred for grinding cast iron guide rails, while corundum grinding wheels are suitable for alloy steel guide rails. Diamond coated grinding wheels can be used for high-precision grinding to improve wear resistance and tooth profile accuracy. Grinding wheel dressing needs to be carried out regularly, using a diamond dressing tool to accurately dress the surface of the grinding wheel, remove passivated abrasive particles, restore grinding sharpness, and calibrate the circular runout and flatness of the grinding wheel to avoid defects such as scratches and ripples on the guide surface caused by grinding wheel wear. After finishing, a no-load test run is required to confirm the stable operation of the grinding wheel before putting it into grinding.

Precision detection and dynamic compensation are important means to improve grinding accuracy. During the grinding process, high-precision detection tools are required to monitor the flatness and parallelism of the guide rail surface in real time. Laser interferometers, level gauges, and other equipment are used for multi-point detection to accurately capture grinding deviations. In response to the detected deviation, dynamic compensation is carried out through the grinder control system, adjusting parameters such as grinding depth and feed rate to eliminate cumulative errors. After the grinding is completed, a secondary precision check is carried out to ensure that the accuracy of the guide rail surface meets the design requirements. At the same time, deviation data is recorded to provide reference for subsequent grinding process optimization.

Environmental and equipment control are the foundation of precision assurance. The grinder should be installed in a constant temperature and dry workshop, away from vibration sources and dust areas, to avoid temperature changes causing deformation of the bed and dust adhesion affecting grinding accuracy. Before grinding, the grinder needs to be accurately calibrated to adjust the horizontal and vertical alignment of the crossbeam and grinding head, ensuring that the equipment meets its own accuracy standards; Check the rough condition of the guide rail surface, remove impurities such as oxide scale and burrs, and reduce the causes of grinding defects. In daily operation and maintenance, regularly lubricate the transmission components of the grinding machine, clean up debris on the guide rail surface and grinding wheel surface, and ensure long-term stable operation of the equipment.

The high-precision grinding of the guide surface of the fixed beam gantry surface grinder requires collaborative control of process, cutting tools, detection, and environment, with layered grinding optimization as the core, coupled with precise grinding wheel dressing and deviation compensation, while strengthening equipment and environmental control. By refining the entire process, the precision of the guide rail surface can be effectively improved, ensuring the stability of the grinder movement and providing reliable support for precision machining.