The cutting quality of the bevel fiber laser pipe cutting machine directly determines the subsequent welding and splicing accuracy as well as the overall performance of the workpiece in pipe processing. Common cutting quality issues such as slag hanging on the incision, deviation in groove angle, and excessive surface roughness are often related to equipment status, parameter matching, and auxiliary systems. From a technical perspective, the root cause of the problem is dismantled and targeted solutions are proposed to ensure stable processing quality.

1、 Optimize the laser system status to ensure stable energy transfer

Abnormal laser energy transfer is one of the core reasons for the decrease in cutting quality. If the laser head lens is contaminated or the focusing lens position is shifted, it will cause the laser energy to disperse, resulting in insufficient melting of the pipe and the formation of slag or rough cuts. The solution needs to be approached from two aspects: first, establish a regular cleaning and inspection mechanism, dismantle the laser head protective lens and focusing lens every week, gently wipe them with a dust-free cloth dipped in anhydrous ethanol to remove dust and molten metal residue, and check whether the lens has scratches or cracks. After damage, replace the high-precision lens of the same model in a timely manner; The second step is to calibrate the position of the focusing lens and determine the optimal focusing distance through trial cutting tests. If there are "V-shaped" grooves or excessive edge melting on the cutting surface, the upper and lower positions of the focusing lens need to be fine tuned to ensure that the laser focus accurately acts on the cutting surface of the pipe and improve energy utilization efficiency.

2、 Accurately match processing parameters and adapt to pipe characteristics

The mismatch between processing parameters and pipe material and wall thickness can easily lead to problems such as groove angle deviation and incision deformation. For example, when cutting thick walled carbon steel, if the laser power is too low or the cutting speed is too fast, it will cause the bevel angle to fail to meet the standard; When cutting thin-walled stainless steel, if the auxiliary gas pressure is too high, it is easy to cause deformation of the cutting edge. Parameters need to be dynamically adjusted according to the characteristics of the pipe: for thick walled pipes, the laser power should be appropriately increased and the cutting speed should be reduced to ensure the depth and angle of the groove; For thin-walled pipes, reduce the auxiliary gas pressure (such as reducing the nitrogen pressure from 0.8MPa to 0.5MPa), and select the "pulse cutting" mode to reduce the thermal impact of continuous high temperature on the pipe. In addition, it is necessary to verify the rationality of the parameters through trial cutting. Before processing each batch of pipes, samples should be cut to test the groove angle and surface roughness until the parameters are adapted.

3、 Strengthen the collaboration of auxiliary systems and optimize the processing environment

Abnormal auxiliary systems (positioning, cooling, gas systems) can indirectly affect cutting quality. In the positioning system, insufficient clamping force of the chuck or offset of the centering mechanism can cause the pipe to rotate during cutting, resulting in deviation of the groove angle. It is necessary to regularly check the wear of the chuck jaws, replace worn parts, and calibrate the centering mechanism to ensure that the pipe axis is parallel to the cutting head movement trajectory; The failure of the cooling system can cause the laser head temperature to be too high, affecting the stability of the laser. It is necessary to regularly clean the filter screen of the cooling water tank, replenish the coolant, and ensure the normal circulation of the cooling system; Insufficient purity of auxiliary gas (such as moisture and impurities in oxygen) can cause oxidation or slag deposition on the cutting surface. High purity gas (purity ≥ 99.99%) should be selected, and a drying filter should be installed in the gas pipeline to remove moisture and impurities.

In short, to solve the cutting quality problem of bevel fiber laser pipe cutting machine, it is necessary to work together from three aspects: laser system, processing parameters, and auxiliary system, and dynamically optimize the solution based on the characteristics of the pipe material. In daily production, establishing equipment maintenance ledger and parameter database can effectively reduce the recurrence of quality problems and ensure processing accuracy and efficiency.