The CNC system of the intersecting line circular pipe cutting machine is the "core center" of precise cutting equipment, and its principle revolves around "data conversion multi axis collaboration real-time control". The efficiency and accuracy of fault handling essentially depend on the understanding of these principles - only by clarifying the functional logic of the principle module can the root cause of the fault be quickly located and blind troubleshooting be avoided. The correlation between the two can be reflected in the correspondence between the three core principle modules of the numerical control system and their corresponding fault handling.

1、 The correlation between data processing principles and "cutting path deviation" faults

One of the core principles of numerical control systems is "data processing": by receiving intersection line model data generated by CAD/CAM software (such as pipe diameter, intersection angle, and cutting depth), converting it into G-code recognizable by the machine tool, and then optimizing the cutting path by combining equipment parameters (such as tool compensation value and axis travel limit). This principle determines the direction of handling the "cutting path deviation" fault - if the intersecting line cut has an angle deviation or uneven cut, the root cause of the fault often points to the data processing stage: it may be due to incorrect model parameter input during G-code generation (such as deviation in intersecting angle setting), or loss of tool compensation parameters in the CNC system (without considering tool wear). At this point, there is no need to disassemble mechanical components. Based on data processing principles, the integrity of the G-code can be traced back, and the consistency between compensation parameters and model data can be checked to quickly eliminate faults, reflecting the core logic of "principle guided fault location".

2、 The correlation between multi axis linkage control principle and "axis motion abnormality" fault

Intersection line cutting requires coordinated linkage of X-axis (feed of pipe material), Y-axis (lateral movement of tool), Z-axis (tool lifting), and A-axis (rotation of pipe material). The CNC system controls the drivers and motors of each axis through pulse signals to ensure that the motion trajectory matches the intersection line curve - this is the core principle of multi axis linkage control. This principle is directly related to the handling of faults such as "abnormal axis motion": if a certain axis is stuck or misaligned (such as uneven rotation of the pipe causing the incision to be skewed), or if the multi axis linkage is not synchronized (such as the rotation speed of the X-axis not matching that of the A-axis), the fault is mainly caused by the rupture of the "signal transmission execution" link. Based on the principle, it is necessary to first check whether the pulse signal from the CNC system to the driver is normal (such as poor line contact, electromagnetic interference), and then check whether the control of the motor by the driver meets the standard (such as mismatch between the driver parameters and motor power), rather than directly replacing the motor to avoid ineffective maintenance.

3、 The correlation between real-time monitoring principle and "overload/shutdown" faults

The CNC system has a built-in real-time monitoring module that collects data such as spindle load, motor temperature, and pipe positioning accuracy through sensors. If the data exceeds the preset threshold (such as high spindle load or motor temperature), the system will trigger an alarm or shut down - this is a key principle to ensure equipment safety. This principle provides a clear basis for handling "overload/shutdown" faults: when the equipment suddenly stops and displays a "load overload" alarm, there is no need to blindly check the circuit, and the data source can be traced based on the monitoring principle - if the load sensor feedback is abnormal, it may be due to tool jamming (such as cutting debris wrapping around the tool) causing increased resistance; If the temperature sensor alarms, it may be due to damage to the motor cooling fan. By locating the corresponding monitoring parameters through alarm codes and then conducting targeted inspections of sensors or executing components (tools, fans), the fault handling time can be significantly reduced.

In summary, the principle and fault handling of the CNC system for intersecting circular pipe cutting machines have a causal relationship: the principle clarifies the normal operating logic of the system, while the fault is a manifestation of the failure of a certain principle module. Only by mastering the core principles of data processing, multi axis linkage, and real-time monitoring can we avoid "trial and error" maintenance in fault handling and achieve "precise positioning efficient solution", which is also a key prerequisite for ensuring stable operation of equipment.